Classification of routing protocol

Routing Protocol

classification of routing protocol

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

  • The RIP is an intra-domain routing protocol.
  • It is based on distance vector routing.
In Implementation of RIP, the following steps are taken into consideration:
1. The routers have routing tables, but network does not have routing table.
2. The destination in routing table is a network, this states that the first column defines a network address.
3. The metric in RIP is called a hop count.
4. Infinity is defined as 16, which means that any route in an autonomous system using RIP cannot have more than 15 hops.
5. The next-node column defines the address of the router to which the packet is to be sent to reach its destination.

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

  • It is an intra-domain routing protocol based on link state routing.
  • To handle routing efficiently, OSPF divides autonomous systems into different areas.
  • Areas are the collection of networks, hosts and routers all contained within an autonomous system. An autonomous system can be divided into many different areas. All networks inside an area must be connected.
  • Routers inside an area flood is considered as the area with routing information.
  • At the border of an area, special routers called as area border routers summarize the information about the area and send it to other areas.
  • There is a special area, which is called as backbone and all the areas inside an autonomous system must be connected with backbone. Backbone serves as primary area and the other areas are served as secondary areas.
  • The routers inside the backbone are called as backbone routers.
  • If the connectivity between the backbone and an area is broken, it is necessary to create a virtual link between routers. It is created by the administrator.

    • areas in autonomous system

  • The OSPF protocol allows the administrator to assign a cost, called as the metric to each route.
  • The metric can be assigned on the type of services like minimum delay, maximum throughput, etc. The router can have multiple routing tables based on different services.
  • In OSPF, a connection is called as link.
There are four types of links:

1. Point to point link
  • It connects with the help of two routers without any host or router as a mediator.
  • In this type of link, there is no need to assign a network address.
  • Graphically, the nodes are represented as nodes and the link is represented by bidirectional edge connecting the nodes.
point to point

2. Transient link
  • It is a network with several routers attached to it.
  • The data can enter through any one of the routers and pass through any router.
  • The LAN or WAN with two or more routers are the examples of the transient link.
transient network

3. Stub link
  • It is a network connected with only one router.
  • The data packets enter the network through this single router and leave the network through this same router.
stub network
4. Virtual link
  • Virtual link is created by the administrator, when the link between two routers is disconnected.
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